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Air-to-water heat pump

With an air-to-water heat pump, environmental heat from the air can be utilised in a climate-friendly way to supply heat.

Description of the technology

The air-to-water heat pump utilises the outside air as an energy source and reliably supplies the building's heating system with heat. It is one of the most frequently used heat pump technologies in new builds and renovations. Air-to-water heat pumps extract thermal energy from the outside air, even at low outside temperatures, and transfer it to the heating water, which is distributed in the rooms via radiators or underfloor heating.

A fan draws in the outside air, which transfers heat via an evaporator to a refrigerant, which vaporises in the process. A compressor increases the temperature of the refrigerant before the energy is transferred to the heating water. The refrigerant then liquefies again and the cycle begins anew. In this way, heat can be reliably recovered even at low outside temperatures.

Selected practical examples with this technology

Heat pump in a KfW Efficiency House 70

Air-to-water heat pump
Photovoltaics
© Vonovia SE / André Wirsig

Heat pump cube for two blocks of flats

Air-to-water heat pump
Photovoltaics

Key technical data and area of application

The heat source is the outside air, the energy is transferred to the heating and domestic hot water. Efficiency is good, but depends on the outside temperature and drops at very low temperatures. Air-to-water heat pumps are suitable for both new builds and the renovation of existing buildings, work particularly efficiently in well-insulated houses and are comparatively easy to retrofit. Installation is uncomplicated and requires no groundwork.

Further information